专利资源碎片化及其治理:一个研究综述

Fragmentation of Patent Resources and Its Governance:a Review of Research

在知识经济时代,市场竞争逐渐演变为知识产权的竞争。随着专利竞赛不断加剧,我国新兴技术领域专利资源碎片化问题逐渐凸显,严重阻碍技术转移转化进程,成为制约我国技术创新和科技发展的重要因素,但现有研究尚未对此深入认知并形成系统理论框架。回顾专利资源碎片化相关研究,阐述专利资源碎片化内涵,梳理专利资源碎片化产生原因,系统论述专利资源碎片化通过滋生专利丛林、抑制累积性创新导致“反公地悲剧”的消极影响路径而引发的市场失灵风险。最后,提出现有专利资源碎片化治理策略,并提出3个未来研究方向,为积极应对技术领域专利资源碎片化现象及实施专利管理战略提供理论与应用依据。

In the era of knowledge economy,market competition has gradually evolved into the competition of intellectual property.With the deepening of patent competition,the fragmentation of patent resources in the emerging technology field in China has become increasingly prominent,which has seriously hindered the process of technology transfer,and has gradually become an important factor restricting the technological innovation and development of science and technology.However,the existing research has not been in-depth understanding of this and formed a systematic theoretical framework.This paper reviews the research on the fragmentation of patent resources,expounds the connotation,focuses on the causes of the fragmentation of patent resources,and systematically discusses the risk of market failure caused by the fragmentation of patent resources through the negative path of breeding"patent thicket",inhibiting"cumulative innovation"and leading to"tragedy of anti commons".Finally,it points out the existing governance strategies of the patent resources fragmentation,and proposes three future research directions,in order to provide a theoretical and application basis for actively responding to the phenomenon of patent resources fragmentation in the technical field and implementing patent management strategies.