第二居所旅居地社会互动及其对社区发展的影响——以三亚市为例

SOCIAL INTERACTION IN THE SECOND HOME SOJOURN DESTINATION AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT:A CASE STUDY OF SANYA, CHINA

第二居所旅居是一种旅游现象,旅居者为了追求愉悦和非日常经历,在目的地长时间逗留,重构旅居地的社会关系。本文以社区场域理论为研究框架,综合运用访谈法、观察法等研究方法,探析三亚市第二居所旅居者与当地居民社会互动的现状及其对社区发展的影响,并讨论如何提升两者的互动。结果发现:旅居者与当地居民以浅层次的社会互动为主,缺乏深入的情感性互动,并呈现"空间性"与"社会性"特征;社会互动的空间异质性,导致了不同地理空间内社区场域发展存在显著差异,对集体行动与集体意识产生不同的影响。最后,本文构建了共建共享的和谐社区发展模式,以期为旅居地发展政策的制定提供参考。

The second home sojourn situated in the grey zone between tourism and immigrants, which is a response to the desire of people for pleasure and non-daily experience. Grounded in community field theory,this paper uses the methods of interview and observation, studies the social interaction between the second home sojourners and the local residents in Sanya city, and analyses its implication for the community development, in order to fill this gap in the literature. Community field theory provides a framework for assessing how different members create inclusive chances for the betterment of the second home sojourn destination.Guided by this approach, successful community development can be achieved through the construction of the community field. Guided by this framework, we evaluated whether and how sojourners and local residents with obvious cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds interacted with each other in Sanya city. We found that economic, social and cultural differences, and spatial barriers created a climate in which the social interaction between second home sojourners and local residents was primarily mundane social interactions such as "exchange" and "greet", and did not lead to social integration such as "help" and "integrate". The social interaction reported from local residents and second home sojourners was based on fulfilling a basic need. The social interaction presented the characteristics of "spatial" and "hierarchical". Our findings suggested that the lack of social interaction in Sanya city also extended to community development processes.