民生风险感知与城市居民的精神健康研究

On the Risk Perception in People’s Livelihood and Urban Residents’Mental Health

随着社会风险加剧和人们精神压力的不断增大,抑郁症等精神健康问题引起政府和社会的强烈关注。从民生视角出发,利用CFPS2016调查数据,可以探讨民生领域的风险感知对不同阶层城市居民精神健康的影响。研究发现以下关联问题:第一,民生风险感知对城市居民的精神健康水平具有显著的负向影响,其中教育和社会保障层面风险感知的影响最为显著;第二,社会阶层越高,居民的风险感知程度就越高,风险感知对其精神健康的影响就越大;第三,虽然随着风险感知程度不断上升,不同阶层居民之间的精神健康差距在缩小,但是由于收入、财富等资源的累积作用,处于较高阶层的居民依旧保持相对较高的精神健康水平,风险感知的影响呈现“阶层化”与“去阶层化”并存的新趋势。据此,可以提出提升城市居民精神健康水平的对策建议。

As the social risks and people’s mental stress are augmented,mental problems like depression have aroused the attention of the government and society.From the perspective of people’s livelihood,this paper uses the CFPS2016 survey data to explore the impact of risk perception in the field of people’s livelihood on the mental health of urban residents with different social status.There are some relevant findings.First,the risk perception in the field of people’s livelihood has a significant negative impact on urban residents’mental health,among which education and social security are the most influential.Second,the higher the social status,the higher the degree of residents’risk perception,and the greater the impact of risk perception on their mental health.Third,although the disparity of mental health among people from different social status is narrowing with the increase of people’s risk perception,the residents in the higher social status still maintain a relatively high level of mental health due to the accumulation effect of income,wealth and other resources.In short,the impact of risk perception presents a new trend of both“stratification”and“de-stratification”.Based on this,some strategic suggestions can be put forward to improve the mental health of urban residents.