数据垄断视角下金融业和互联网平台的共生发展问题研究

Research on the Symbiotic Development of Financial Industry and Internet Platform from the Perspective of Digital Monopolies

20世纪90年代,互联网引领的信息革命改变了全球产业发展的运行轨迹,颠覆了面对面交互零售市场供需配对形态,互联网平台成为维系生产和交易活动重要的基础设施,平台经济应运而生。平台经济中,数据由生产产物演化成为生产要素,在规模经济和范围经济的叠加作用下,互联网平台实现数据垄断并利用数据垄断进入金融领域,实现跨界混业经营,相关金融风险的复杂性、外溢性和传染性引发全球关注。本文从分析数据垄断的形成机制和主要形态出发,研究互联网平台利用数据垄断进入金融领域的现行格局、实现逻辑和风险问题,以及国内外的治理思路。建议加快互联网平台新业态数据立法,从数据、反垄断、金融等方面夯实法律基础;引导头部机构承担社会责任,构建科技与金融的安全风险防火墙;加强监管合作,从审慎、功能、行为监管等维度治理维护金融科技健康发展。

In the 1990s,the Internet-led information revolution changed the trajectory of global industrial de⁃velopment and subverted the supply-demand matching pattern of face-to-face interactive retail market.Internet platform has become an important infrastructure to maintain production and trading activities,and platform econo⁃my came into being.In the platform economy,data evolves from production products to production factors.Under the superimposed effect of economies of scale and scope,Internet platforms realize data monopoly and use data mo⁃nopoly to enter the financial field and realize cross-border mixed operation.The complexity,spillover and conta⁃gion of related financial risks have aroused global attention.Starting from the analysis of the formation mechanism and main forms of data monopoly,this article studies the current pattern of Internet platforms using data monopoly to enter the financial field,implementation logic and risk issues,and domestic and foreign governance ideas.This article proposes to speed up the data legislation of new business forms of the Internet platform,consolidate the le⁃gal foundation in terms of data,anti-monopoly,and finance;to guide the head institutions to assume social respon⁃sibility,build a security risk firewall for technology and finance;and to strengthen supervisory cooperation,govern and maintain the healthy development of financial technology from the dimensions of prudence,function,and be⁃havior supervision.