引入外资对银行风险承担的影响研究——基于我国153家商业银行的经验证据

Research on the Impact of Introducing Foreign Capital on Bank Risk-taking:Evidence from 153 Commercial Banks in China

文章基于中国153家商业银行2001-2017年的非平衡面板数据,采用双重差分模型研究了引入外资对银行风险承担的影响。实证结果表明:引入外资降低了中国商业银行的风险承担,外资股东发挥了积极的外溢效应和监督作用;外资持股比例与中国商业银行风险承担之间呈非线性的U型关系;引入外资影响中国商业银行的商业模式,引入外资的银行的非利息收入占比下降、非存款类负债占比上升,收入结构注重稳健且融资结构得到优化。上述研究结论的政策启示为:积极学习境外金融机构的先进知识和技术,建立可持续发展的合作伙伴关系;高度重视金融稳定,对外资进入中国银行体系实行分类管理;适度稳妥地推进中国银行业对外开放,把握好金融开放与金融安全之间的战略平衡。

Based on the unbalanced panel data of 153 commercial banks in China from 2001 to 2017, the paper uses differenceindifference model to study the impact of introducing foreign capital on bank risk-taking. The empirical results shows that the introduction of foreign capital reduces the risk-taking levels of China’s commercial banks, the foreign shareholders have created a positive spillover effect and played an active supervisory role. There is a non-linearU-shaped relationship between the proportion of foreign own-ership and bank risk-taking. The introduction of foreign capital affects the business model of China’s commercial banks, for banks that have introduced foreign capital, the proportion of non-interest income declines and the proportion of non-deposit liabilities rises, indicating that their income structure has focused on soundness and financing structure has been optimized. According to the above research conclusions, the paper makes the following policy suggestions: actively learn advanced knowledge and technology from overseas financial institutions, establish sustainable partnerships;attach great importance to financial stability, implement classified management for foreign capital entering China’s banking system;promote the openness of China’s banking industry moderately and steadily, keep a strategic balance between financial openness and financial security.