某坡屋盖文化综合体步行街连廊特殊防火设计探讨

Discussion on Special Fire Protection Design of Pedestrian Street Corridor of Sloping Roof Cultural Complex

在现代综合体建筑中火灾安全一直是全社会关注的焦点问题。一旦发生火灾重则会引起众多的人员伤亡。本文针对某特定文化艺术综合体步行街连廊部分,采用FDS模拟步行街连廊不同火源位置和不同外界环境等工况下,检验其步行街连廊能否作为室外安全区。经过模拟分析:除C1-1,C1-2工况外,连通步行街均满足人员疏散安全要求。对于C1-1,C1-2设置的是冬季工况,因为气温较低,空气浮力较小,大量烟气在层高为4 m纵向街道内蓄积沉降,走廊内烟气温度较高、烟气能见度较低,不利于疏散。另外与无风工况相比,有风工况下,更有利于烟气通过屋顶开敞部分排出室外。且模拟所有工况中,坡屋顶均未被引燃。理论计算表明,火灾对屋面影响不大,在模拟1800 s范围内,可认为步行街连廊安全,可认定为室外安全区。

Fire safety has always been the focus in modern complex buildings in whole society.Once a fire breaks out,it will cause numerous casualties.Aiming at the corridor parts of the pedestrian street in a particular cultural and artistic complex,this article use FDS to simulate the different fire source sites and external environments to examine whether the pedestrian street corridor is an outdoor safety zone.Except C1-1,C1-2 all connected pedestrian streets meet the safety requirements for evacuation through the analysis.For C1-1 and C1-2 are in winter,because of the low temperature,small air buoyancy,a large amount of smoke accumulate and settle in the longitudinal street of the fourth floor,the smoke temperature is high in the corridor and the smoke visibility is low,it’s bad for evacuation.When compared with the no-wind condition,the wind condition is more favorable to discharge smoke through the open part of the roof.And in all conditions,the sloping roof was not ignited.The theoretical calculations show the fire has little effect on the roof,within the range of 1800 s,it can be considered the pedestrian street corridor is an outdoor safe zone.