拷贝数变异在家禽育种中的研究进展

Research Progress of Copy Number Variation in Poultry Breeding

拷贝数变异(copy number variation,CNV)是广泛存在于畜禽基因组中的一类重要的遗传变异,通常以大片段的DNA序列缺失或重复形式出现,直接影响着基因表达和功能。CNV与许多遗传疾病和表型性状密切相关,因此引起了广大动物遗传育种工作者的密切关注。本文综述了CNV的形成原因、作用机制、检测方法以及现阶段国内外对家禽CNV的研究进展,并讨论了当前CNV研究工作中存在的问题和困难,旨在为实现CNV作为家禽育种中的分子遗传标记进行辅助育种提供参考。

Copy number variation(CNV)is an important type of genetic variation which widely exists in livestock and poultry genomes.It usually occurs in the form of deletion or duplication of large DNA sequences,which directly affects gene expression and function.CNV is closely related to many genetic diseases and phenotypic traits,and therefore has attracted close attention of animal genetics and breeding workers.The formation causes,action mechanism,detection methods,and the research progress of CNV in poultry were summarized in this article,and the difficulties and problems in current CNV studies were discussed,which aims to provide a reference for the realization of CNV as a molecular genetic marker in poultry for assisted breeding.