司法决策如何进行后果考量

How to Consider the Consequences in the Judicial Decision-making Process

主张司法决策应当进行必要的后果考量是当前颇有影响力的一种法律思维方式,从个案裁判法律效果与社会效果相统一的目的论来看,"后果主义"似乎是一种更容易在后果意义上证明为正当的方法论思维。然而,从决策的角度来看,既然决策者需要在各种可能的后果之中去追求最可欲的后果,就必然意味着对某种特定后果进行工具性控制的决策逻辑和权力支配链。这也是为什么法院经常将执行"自上而下"的公共政策等同于追求裁判的社会效果。"李昌奎案"的实践表明,那种以权力独白的方式追求"结果可欲"的"后果主义",如果缺乏"过程可信"的方法论背书,是很难真正赢得社会认同的。而这可能恰恰是陪审制度强调"分权"与"制衡"的优势所在。

At present,an influential way of legal thinking is to advocate that judicial decision-making should take necessary consequences into consideration.From the teleological logic of unifying the legal effect and social effect of case judgment,the methodological thinking of consequentialism seems more likely to be justified in the sense of consequence.However,from the perspective of decision-making,since the decision-maker needs to pursue the most desirable consequence among various possible consequences,it inevitably means the decision-making logic and power control chain of instrumental control over a specific consequence.This is why our courts often equate the implementation of“top-down”public policies with the pursuit of social effects of adjudication.The practice of Li Chang-kui case shows that the consequentialism which pursues desirable results in the way of power monologue can hardly win the social recognition without the methodological endorsement of credible process.This may be the advantage of the jury system in emphasizing separation of powers and checks and balances.