蚕豆抗锈病鉴定方法的改进及资源筛选

Improvement of a method for resistance evaluation of faba bean(Vicia faba L.)rust and screening for resistance germplasms

蚕豆锈病是由蚕豆单胞锈菌[Uromyces viciae-fabae(Pers.)Schroet]引起的蚕豆最重要的病害之一。为提高蚕豆锈病抗性种质筛选的效率及准确性,本文采用混合菌株在温室条件下苗期接种、成株期评价的方法进行抗性鉴定。以抗病材料K0772和感病材料K90315为对照,对1416份材料(3个年度鉴定材料数量分别为290、517和609份)进行鉴定试验,其中重复鉴定材料77份。抗病对照K0772历年均表现为抗病(R);感病对照K90315分别表现为感病(S)、感病(S)和高感(HS)。不同年份间的病情指数T检验结果显示,对照品种K0772和K90315及重复鉴定材料的3年重复鉴定结果间差异并不显著,具有较好的稳定性。同时,重复鉴定材料组间分别呈极显著、显著、极显著正相关。研究结果表明年度间的重复鉴定结果高度一致,具有较好的稳定性和重复性。通过3年重复鉴定,获得高抗(HR)材料12份,抗病(R)材料47份,中抗(MR)材料18份。因此,利用混合菌源进行苗期接种和在成株期对蚕豆品种锈病抗性进行评价的方法具有较好的稳定性和准确性,该方法可以用于蚕豆锈病综合抗性材料的筛选和抗病育种研究。

Rust in faba bean(Vicia faba L.),caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae(pers.)Schroet,is one of the most serious disease which is a great threat to faba bean production.In order to improve the evaluation efficiency and accuracy of faba bean resistance to rust,an modified method of rapidly identifying faba bean resistance to rust was established by inoculating faba bean at seedling stage with mixed rust strains collected from different sites in Yunnan Province,and evaluating at adult stage in greenhouse condition.To verify its reliability,two control lines and a total of 1416 lines(290,517,609 lines for each year),were used for resistant assessment to rust in 3 years,respectively.Among of those evaluating lines,77 were tested for 3 successive years.The resistant control,K0772(CK1),was evaluated as R(resistant).The susceptible control,K90315(CK2),was evalu-ated as S(susceptible),S,HS(highly susceptible)in 3 successive years,respectively.T-test result of DI of CK1,CK2 and the 77 repeated lines,among different years,showed that there was no significant difference among these compared groups.The correlation coefficient between repeated materials,among different years,showed highly significant correlation,significant correlation and highly significant correlation with each other.The results showed that this modified method has excellent consistency,good stability and reliability.Meanwhile,among the same materials tested for 3 successive years,12 varieties showed HR(highly resistant),47 varieties showed R,18 varieties show MR(moderately resistant)to rust.Therefore,this study provides a reliable and efficient method for evaluation of faba bean resistance to rust at adult stage with mixed rust spores inoculation at seedling stage.Furthermore,the identified resistant resources provides important materials for faba bean rust resistance breeding.