“摘帽”后的贫困问题与解决之策

Poverty Problem and Solution after“Removing the Hat of Poverty”

中国改革开放以来依靠体制改革释放的经济活力,区域性开发扶贫项目创造的机会与能力提升,以及十八大以来的精准扶贫歼灭战,实现了人类史上伟大的减贫奇迹。但是,致贫的原因非常复杂和多元,减贫也必然是一个长期、艰巨的过程。"摘帽"后的贫困表现为贫者持续增收的难度加大;农户能力贫困引致返贫的风险;农民工权利缺失与城市相对贫困的关联;乡村老人的生存与发展困境。建议将持续减贫纳入乡村振兴与城乡融合战略,以乡村产业革命增加乡村贫者发展机会;通过城乡相互开放提升乡村价值;全面实现和保障农民权利;重塑乡村老人的生存发展境遇。

Since China’s reform and opening up,relying on the economic vitality released by system reforms,the opportunities and capacity enhancements created by regional development poverty alleviation projects,and the targeted poverty alleviation war since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has achieved a great poverty reduction miracle in human history.However,the causes of poverty are very complex and diverse,and poverty reduction is bound to be a long and arduous process.The poverty after"removing the hat of poverty"is manifested in the increasing difficulty for the poor to continue to increase their income;the risk of returning to poverty due to capacity poverty of peasant households;the connection between the lack of rights of migrant workers and relative poverty in cities;and the survival and development dilemma of the rural elderly.It is recommended that continuous poverty reduction should be included in the strategy of rural revitalization and urban-rural integration,and rural industrial revolution should be directed to increase the development opportunities of the rural poor;rural values should be improved by mutual opening of urban and rural areas;the rights of peasantry should be fully realized and protected;and the survival and development enviroment of the rural elderly should be reshaped.