国有企业党的领导制度百年探索:发展历程与基本经验

A Historical Study of the Leadership System of State-owned Enterprises:Development and Experience

新民主主义革命时期以厂长负责制为基点的初步探索,为新中国成立以后进一步健全国有企业党的领导制度奠定了基础。新中国成立初期,经过一系列的摸索调整,党的八大确立了党委领导下的厂长负责制。进入全面建设社会主义时期,在政治逻辑的主导下,党委领导下的厂长负责制呈现出集中化发展趋势,逐渐形成党组织包揽一切的运行机制。改革开放以后,党委领导下的厂长负责制得以重建,并在经济逻辑的主导下呈现出分权化发展趋势,逐渐导致一些国有企业党的领导弱化。党的十八大以来,在融合党的领导与现代企业制度的基础上,形成了中国特色现代国有企业制度的稳定架构,并通过党内法规予以集成。政治逻辑与经济逻辑的统合,是国有企业党的领导制度百年变迁的基本主线,为新时代深化国有企业改革提供了宝贵经验。

During the period of the new democratic revolution,the preliminary exploration of the factory director responsibility system laid the foundation for further improving the party's leadership system in state-owned enterprises.In the early days of New China,the 8th National Congress of the CPC established the factory director responsibility system under the leadership of the Party Committee.During the period of building socialism in all-round way,under the guidance of political logic,the system showed a trend of centralization and gradually went to extremes.In the early stage of reform and opening up,the factory director responsibility system under the leadership of the Party Committee was rebuilt,but under the guidance of economic logic,the system showed a trend of decentralization,which led to the weakening of the leadership of the Party Committee in some state-owned enterprises.Since the 18th National Congress of CPC,a stable structure of the modern state-owned enterprise system with Chinese characteristics has been formed by integrating the party building with the modern enterprise system.The integration of political logic and economic logic is the main line of the development,which provides valuable experience for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises in the new era.