天然来源免疫佐剂的研究进展

Research progress in natural source immune adjuvant

随着人们对疫苗的不断研究和创新,免疫佐剂在疫苗的研发和制造中占据着越来越重要的地位。人们可从自然界中获取一些能增强机体免疫应答的物质,并制成佐剂应用于疫苗中,以此来提高疫苗的免疫效力。这些天然来源的免疫佐剂往往具有毒性低、稳定性高、价格低廉等优点,为疫苗的研发提供了更多的可能性。对一些已被发现和使用的天然来源的免疫佐剂进行综述,主要包括植物来源(皂苷、多糖、蜂胶)、动物来源(细胞因子、树突状细胞)和微生物来源(病毒、细菌)的免疫佐剂,论述它们的作用与临床应用进展。

With the continuous research and innovation of vaccines,immune adjuvants have become more and more important in the development and manufacture of vaccines.Researchers can obtain some substances that can enhance the body's immune response from nature,and use them as adjuvants in vaccines,so as to improve the immune efficacy of vaccines.These natural-derived immune adjuvants often have the advantages of low toxicity,high stability,and low price,which provide more possibilities for vaccine development.In this paper,some natural-derived immune adjuvants that have been discovered and used were reviewed,including plant sources(saponins,polysaccharides,propolis),animal sources(cytokines,dendritic cells)and microbial sources(viruses,bacteria).The role and clinical application progress of these immune adjuvants were discussed.