黑磷纳米材料的制备以及在生物医药领域的研究进展

Research progress in the preparation of black phosphorus nanomaterials and its application in biomedicine

黑磷(BP)作为一种新型纳米材料,因其特有的多维结构表现出优异的光热性能及生物相容性等特性,受到了科学家们广泛的关注。目前,制备高品质的黑磷纳米材料仍具挑战,常用的制备方法有机械剥离法、超声液相剥离法、电化学剥离法、激光脉冲沉积法等。高品质的黑磷纳米材料的制备为其开发应用提供了良好的基础,科学家们通过对黑磷纳米材料进行不同的功能化修饰赋予其更多的特性,使其在光学、电子、化学及医药领域表现出巨大的发展潜力及应用前景。根据目前的中外研究成果,简要介绍了黑磷纳米材料的结构、特性,综述了黑磷纳米材料的制备方法及优缺点,以及其在影像检测、药物递送、光热治疗、光动力治疗、骨组织修复等方面的研究进展及发展趋势,并总结了目前黑磷纳米材料的局限性及发展潜能。

As a new type of nanomaterial,black phosphorus(BP)has received extensive attention from scientists due to its unique multi-dimensional structure that exhibits excellent photothermal performance and biocompatibility.At present,the preparation of high-quality black phosphorous nanomaterials is still challenging.Commonly used preparation methods include mechanical peeling,ultrasonic liquid peeling,electrochemical peeling,and laser pulse deposition.The preparation of high-quality black phosphorous nanomaterials provides a good foundation for development and application.Scientists give black phosphorous nanomaterials more characteristics through different functional modifications.These characteristics make BP nanomaterials show great development potential and application prospects in the fields of optics,electronics,chemistry and medicine.Based on the current research results at home and abroad,the structure and characteristics of black phosphorus nanomaterials were briefly introduced,the preparation methods,advantages and disadvantages of BP nanomaterials were reviewed,and the research progress and development trend of BP nanomaterials in imaging detection,drug delivery,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,bone tissue repair,etc.were introduced.In addition,the limitations and development potential of BP nanomaterials were summarized.