基于主动性视角对小学生体育锻炼及其影响因素的研究

Primary school student physical exercise and its influencing factors:Based on initiative perspective

通过文献资料、访谈、问卷调查及数理统计等方法,基于主动性视角,对北京市部分小学生参加体育锻炼的态度、心理感受、体育锻炼时间及频次、场地设施以及家长的支持度等要素及其影响进行调查。研究认为:小学生对体育锻炼的认知及心理因素是影响体育锻炼主动性的主要因素。建议:激励与引导并重,建立体育锻炼激励与引导机制;专属时间专用,建立体育锻炼时间统筹与保障机制;合理利用与改善场地器材,建立高效灵活的场地器材保障机制;基于全面发展的理念,建立科学有效的体育锻炼考核评价机制。

Through the methods of literature review,interview,questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics,based on the perspective of initiative,this paper investigates the attitude,psychological feeling,time and frequency of physical exercise,venues and facilities,and the support of parents of some primary school students in Beijing,and concludes that the cognitive and psychological factors of primary school students on physical exercise are the main factors affecting their training initiative.It is recommended that we pay equal attention to incentive and guidance,establish a mechanism of physical exercise incentive and guidance;set up a sports time overall planning and guarantee mechanism for exclusive time;reasonably use and improve,establish efficient and flexible sports equipment guarantee mechanism;establish a scientific and effective evaluation mechanism of physical exercise based on the concept of comprehensive development.