土地、梦与乡村的两种景观──论《陌上》的乡土书写

Land and Dream: Two Kinds of Rural Landscapes of the Novel Moshang

以土地为代表的自然社会景观和以梦为代表的精神景观是《陌上》主要的书写对象和内容,两者从不同角度对迄今仍处于流动状态的乡村进行了观照和素描。这两者的历时性演变和彼此参照传达着丰富的社会文化信息:乡村的历史重心已经从生产、劳动转向生活、消费。后者开始以压迫性的力量参与和支配着民众的日常。这种转变不仅导致了生活环境、生活方式的变化,同时也带来了情感对象、情感方式等方面的变化。乡村民众的生活场域正在经历解构和重构的历史过程。置身其中的他们既不得不开始新的追逐,接受、适应和反抗新的规则,但又常常感到进退失据、盲目不安。

The natural and social landscape represented by the land and the spiritual landscape represented by dream are the main writing objects and contents of the novel Moshang. Both observe and sketch the villages that are still in a state of flow from different angles. The diachronic evolution and mutual reference of the two convey a wealth of social and cultural information: the historical focus of the countryside has shifted from production and labor to life and consumption. The latter began to participate in and dominate the daily lives of the people with oppressive forces. This change not only leads to changes in living environment and lifestyle, but also in emotional objects and emotional styles. The living field of rural people is undergoing a historical process of deconstruction and reconstruction. They have not only had to start a new pursuit, accept, adapt and resist the new rules, but they often feel that they are insecure and blindly disturbed.