正交试验优选微波辅助提取火麻仁多糖的工艺

Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction Process of Hemp Seed Polysaccharide Based on Orthogonal Experiment

[目的]对火麻仁内的多糖进行微波辅助提取并优化提取工艺,同时对比热水提取法与微波辅助提取法的提取率差异。[方法]采用单因素和正交试验对提取时间、微波功率和液料比3个因素进行优化,确定微波提取火麻仁的最佳条件,并与热水提取法进行比较。[结果]微波提取的最佳条件为微波功率250 W,提取时间6 min,液料比60∶1(mL/g)。通过正交试验和试验因素的方差分析可知,微波功率对火麻仁多糖的提取率影响最大,其次为时间和液料比。通过对比试验可以发现,采用微波提取火麻仁多糖的效果明显优于热水提取法,其中微波冻融提取效果最好,提取率为11.11%,而热水提取率仅为4.35%。[结论]该研究优化了微波辅助提取火麻仁多糖的工艺,提高了多糖提取率,同时缩短了提取时间,为火麻仁多糖相关生物活性的进一步研究提供了支持。

[Objective]Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides in hemp seed and optimization of the extraction process were studied,while compared the difference in extraction rate between hot water extraction and microwave-assisted extraction.[Method]Three factors of extraction time,microwave power,and material-to-liquid ratio were selected by single factor and orthogonal experiments,then the best conditions for microwave extraction of hemp seed were determined and compared with hot water extraction method.[Result]The best conditions for microwave extraction were microwave power 250 W,extraction time 6 min,and liquid-solid mass ratio of water to hemp seed 60∶1.Among them,the orthogonal experiment and the variance analysis of the experimental factors showed that the microwave power had the greatest influence on the extraction rate of hemp seed polysaccharides,followed by time and solid-liquid mass ratio.Through the comparative experiments,the effect of microwave extraction of hemp seed polysaccharides was significantly better than that of hot water extraction.The microwave freeze-thaw extraction,seffect was the best,the extraction rate was 11.11%,and the hot water extraction rate was only 4.35%.[Conclusion]This study optimized the microwave-assisted extraction process of hemp seed polysaccharides,improved the extraction rate of polysaccharides,and shortened the extraction time,which provided support for further research on the biological activities of hemp seed polysaccharides.