黄土高原区农户生计资本差异及其生计策略选择——以绥德县为例

Differences in Livelihood Capital of Farmers in the Loess Plateau and Their Livelihood Strategies--A Case Study of Suide County

选取黄土高原地区绥德县作为研究区域,从6个单项资本入手选取19个指标构建农户生计资本评价体系,采用熵值法对绥德县贫困村与非贫困村的农户生计资本差异进行分析,运用Logistic回归分析,并探究各项资本对农户生计策略选择是否有影响。结果表明:贫困村农户的各单项资本不同程度地高于非贫困村,范围在0~0.02,无论是贫困村或非贫困村农户人力资本均高于其他单项资本值,自然资本值低于其他单项资本值;贫困村与非贫困村农户的自然资本、人力资本、金融资本和社会资本在0.05的显著性水平(双侧检验)上存在显著差异;政策资本和社会资本为农户由农业型向兼业型转变的关键因素,物质资本和自然资本是农业户向非农户转变的关键因素。

Suide County in the Loess Plateau was selected as the research area.19 indicators were selected from 6 individual capitals to construct a livelihood capital evaluation system for farmers.The entropy method was used to analyze the differences in the livelihood capital of the poor and non-poor villages in Suide County.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether capital has an impact on farmers’livelihood strategy choices.The results show that:The individual capital of poor households is higher than that of non-poor villages,ranging from 0-0.02.The labor capital of farmers in poor villages or non-poor villages is higher than other individual capital values.The capital value is lower than other individual capital values.There are significant differences in the natural capital,human capital,financial capital and social capital of poor and non-poor villages at a significant level of 0.05(two-sided test).Policy capital and social capital are the key factors for the transformation of farmers from agricultural to concurrent;physical capital and natural capital are the key factors for the transformation of agricultural households to non-agricultural households.