充权转向自助:青年返乡创业中的社会工作服务

Empowerment to Self-help:Social Work Services for Youth Returning Home to Start a Business

返乡创业青年并不是传统意义上的“弱势群体”,其对于社会工作专业服务的获得感更多体现在主体性发挥而非传统救助。基于“差序格局”与“社会建设理论”,梳理青年返乡行为的两个解释框架——面向内生性动力机制和结构性鼓励机制后,通过农村社会工作服务的介入,围绕主体认同、文化融入、资产盘活、环境营造等内容,以金融增能之视角完成服务对象的“自助”能力培育,链接资源帮助返乡创业青年能够充分发挥主观能动性来应对创业过程中的金融风险,实现从“弱主动性”的“充权”走向“强主动性”的“自助”。

Young people who return home to start a business are not a“vulnerable group”in the traditional sense.Their sense of acquisition of professional services for social work is more reflected in their subjectivity rather than traditional assistance.Based on the“differential pattern”and“social construction theory”,combing out the two interpretation frameworks of youth’s homecoming behavior-after facing the endogenous motivation mechanism and structural encouragement mechanism,through the intervention of rural social work services,centering on subject identity and culture Integration,asset revitalization,environment creation,etc.,to complete the“self-help”ability cultivation of service targets from the perspective of financial empowerment,link resources to help return home entrepreneurs to give full play to their subjective initiative to deal with financial risks in the entrepreneurial process,and realize“weak initiative”“empowerment”moves toward“strong initiative”“self-help”.