审美现代性的追求:比较分析布迪厄与卡桑诺瓦的文学场研究模式

The Pursuit of Aesthetic Modernity: A Comparative Study of Two Modes of Literary Field by Bourdieu and Casanova

本文比较分析皮埃尔·布迪厄的文化生产场理论、帕斯卡尔·卡桑诺瓦的国际文学空间理论以及两种文学场研究模式的异同。理论基础、研究对象、文学民族主义政治立场、破解文学本体论的侧重点等方面的不同决定了两种模式的差异。相同之处主要包括:全面颠覆文学本体论,确立基于差异原则的文学关联认知模式;将审美现代性确立为绝对的参照标准;肯定文学场与经济领域、政治权力场剥离意义上的自律;揭示获取文学合法性的认可和声誉机制。

This article analyzes Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the field of cultural production and Pascale Casanova’s theory of international literary space to scrutinize the similarities and differences between the two modes of approaching the literary field. Their differences with regards to theoretical basis, research objective, political position on literary nationalism and their respective focuses when deconstructing literary ontology, lead to considerable differences between the two modes. But they do share some similarities, including their thorough subversion of literary ontology and their argument for some cognitive modes of literary relationality based on the difference principle;their absolute referential standard of aesthetic modernity;their belief in the autonomy of the literary field independent of the economic field and the field of political power;and their disclosures of the mechanisms of recognition and reputation in the process of acquiring literary legitimacy.