莎剧重译与话语互动——傅译莎中的译者主体性探究

Retranslation of Shakespeare’s Plays from the Perspective of Discourse Interaction:On Translator’s Subjectivity of Fu Guangming’s Retranslation of Hamlet

当翻译不再被视为单纯的语言转换活动,译者在翻译过程中的任何决策就成为研究译者主体性的考察对象。基于此,将傅光明重译《哈姆雷特》视作译者的一种社会实践,以历时维度的话语互动理论为参照,考察译者于特定历史时期在受动性的制约下发挥主体性作用的特征。分析译者在选材、理解、表达等翻译阶段进行话语选择、解读与建构的实践活动,发现译者协调翻译场内各主体间的权力关系,通过现在话语实现对过去话语的解读、修正、建构,进而完成不同历史文化语境中的莎剧重译活动。

When translation is no longer regarded as a language transformation activity in vacuum,the translator’s decision-making in the translation process becomes the research focus of the translator’s subjectivity.This paper regards Fu Guangming’s retranslation of Hamlet as the translator’s social practice,and based on the discourse interaction theory with a diachronic dimension,examines the translator’s subjectivity under the constraints of passivity in a specific historical period.By analyzing the translator’s practice of discourse selection,interpretation and constitution in such translation phases as material selection,understanding and expression,the paper finds that the translator coordinates the power relations among the subjects in the translation field,and completes the retranslation of Shakespeare’s plays in different historical and cultural contexts through interpretation,correction and constitution of the past discourse from the perspective of the present discourse.