参与意愿、参与成本与城市环境治理——基于福建省1573份调查数据

Participation Willingness,Participation Cost and Urban Environmental Governance——A Case Study of 1573 Survey Data in Fujian Province

居民参与城市环境治理具有复杂的行为选择性,对居民参与行为影响因素的分析具有重要意义。文章基于福建省福州市、厦门市和泉州市的1573份调查数据,围绕居民参与意愿、参与成本与城市环境治理参与行为的影响关系进行分析。主要结论是:(1)居民参与意愿对居民环保责任、环保习惯、环保态度和参与行为均呈显著正相关性,影响系数分别为0.204、0.512、0.775和0.288;(2)居民参与成本对居民环保责任和参与行为同样呈显著正相关性,影响系数分别为0.288和0.589,对环保习惯、环保态度的影响较小,影响系数分别为0.069和0.051;(3)参与意愿对社会公共领域的居民环保态度影响大于对私人领域的居民环保习惯影响,参与成本的影响刚好相反,并且影响系数都较小;(4)相对来说,居民收入越高、年龄越大、受教育程度越高,环保责任、环保习惯、环保态度和参与行为越呈显著正相关性。研究得出3点政策含义:(1)政府需要培育居民参与环境治理的社会资本;(2)政府需要构建更加广泛的居民参与渠道和机会,完善环境治理宣传和教育体系,完善居民参与环境治理的激励政策和法律法规的保障体系;(3)政府需要加强环境制度体系的完善和环境治理制度有效执行的建设,以及科技助力城市环境治理中居民参与推广等。

The resident participation in urban environmental governance has complex behavior choices.It is important to analyze the influencing factors of resident participation behavior.Based on 1573 survey data from Fuzhou,Xiamen and Quanzhou city in Fujian Province,this paper analyzes the relationship between residents’willingness to participate,participation cost and participation behavior of urban environmental governance.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The intentions of residents participation had a positive correction with their environmental protection responsibilities,habits and attitudes.The influence coefficients were 0.176,0.404,0.573 and 0.389 respectively.(2)The cost of residents’participation had a positive correlation with their environmental protection responsibilities and participant behaviors as well.The influence coefficients were 0.288 and 0.589 respectively.Meanwhile,The cost of participation has relatively little influence on environmental protection habits and attitudes.The influence coefficients were 0.069 and 0.051 respectively.(3)The intentions of residents participation had a greater impact on their environmental protection attitudes in the social public sphere than the resident private sphere.Yet the influence of the cost,whose coefficients of impact were small,proved to be reversed.(4)Comparatively speaking,The older the age and the higher the incomes and education levels of the residents,the better positive correlation with their participant behaviors and environmental protection responsibili ties,habits,attitudes,behaviors had.The research draws three inspirations:(1)It is necessary for the government to cultivate the social capital of residents to participate in environmental governance.(2)The government needs to build more extensive channels and opportunities for residents’participation,improve the publicity and education system of environmental governance,and improve the guarantee system of incentive policies,laws and regulations for residents’participation in environmental governance.(3)The government also needs to strengthen the improvement of environmental system and the construction of effective implementation of environmental governance system,as well as the promotion of residents’participation in urban environmental governance with the help of science and technology.