日本朝核政策的转变与发展研究

Studies on Transformation and Development of Japan’s Policy toward North Korean Nuclear Issue

朝核问题是东北亚地区的热点问题。日本作为朝核问题的重要关切方,一直试图在其中发挥重要作用。日本的朝核政策大体经历了零星接触、有限制裁+积极对话、动态制裁+动态对话和强硬制裁+半停滞对话四个阶段。虽然日本在朝鲜半岛能源开发组织、六方会谈、朝鲜炸毁宁边地区核设施冷却塔等方面有一定的参与,但其活动主要集中在2009年之前。日本的朝核政策在体系、国家、个体三个层次均存在障碍。2018年以来,朝鲜积极同外界对话,但唯独将日本排除在外。为防止被孤立,日本对其朝核政策进行了调整,如调整地缘战略、转变外交策略、调整安保体系,从"主动施压"逐步向"争取对话"转变,以求在朝核问题中掌握主动权,维护国家利益。

North Korean nuclear issue is the hot issue of Northeast Asia. As an important party with great concerns to North Korean nuclear issue,Japan has always strived to play an important role in this regard. There are a total of four stages of Japan’s Policy toward North Korean nuclear issue up to now,i. e.,Sporadic Contacts( 1945-1989),Limited Sanctions and Proactive Dialogues( 1990-2000),Dynamic Sanctions and Dynamic Dialogues( 2001-2008),Tough Sanctions and Partly Stagnate Dialogues( 2009-2017). So far,although Japan,to some extent,has been involved into Korea Peninsula Energy Development Organization,the Six-Party Talks,DPRK’s demolishment of the nuclear facility cooling tower in Yongbyon and other aspects,it happened mainly before 2009. Japan’s Policy toward North Korean nuclear issue is subjected to many obstacles from the perspective of system,country and individual. Since 2018,DPRK actively dialogues with the outside world,but it rejected Japan. In order to prevent being isolated,Japan adjusts its Policy toward North Korean nuclear issue,such as adjusting geopolitical strategies,resetting the keynote of diplomatic strategies and transforming security system. Japan gradually "strives for dialogue"instead of "taking the initiative to put pressure",with a view to having a say in North Korean nuclear issue and safeguarding its own national interests.