南极冰盖地表能量平衡的研究进展

ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE ON THE ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET

南极冰盖地表能量平衡研究,是耦合冰冻圈、大气圈和水圈过程的基础之一,对了解冰盖表面物质平衡过程、提升极地天气气候预报水平有着极其重要的意义。随着近年来极地观测水平的提升,南极冰盖地表能量平衡研究取得了长足的进步,特别是在辐射参数化和有效热传导系数模拟等方面。但在南极广袤的地域和多样的天气条件下,已有的研究大都适用于局地环境,限制了我们的模拟和预测能力。因此,适用于极地特殊环境的传感器的研发、关键气候区的科学试验的开展和基础的气象站网建设,能加深我们对冰/雪-气相互作用过程的理解,进而改进已有的参数化方案,应用于多圈层模式的耦合。

The research of surface energy balance on snow/ice on Antarctica ice sheet is the basis for coupling the cryosphere,atmosphere and hydrosphere processes,which is of great significance for understanding the process of surface mass balance of the ice sheet and enhancing the level of polar weather and climate prediction.With the improvement of polar observations in recent years,great progress has been made in our understanding of the surface energy balance of the Antarctic ice sheet,especially in albedo parameterization and derivation of the effective thermal conductivity.However,because of the vast area and variable weather conditions of Antarctica,results from most of the existing studies are only applicable to local environments which limit our ability to model and forecast.Therefore,conducting scientific experiments in key climate regions,developing sensors for the special polar environment and a basic network of meteorological stations can deepen our understanding of ice/snow–air interactions,and contribute towards further improvements of parametric coupling schemes in numerical models.