高铁开通对企业专利质量的影响--来自上市公司的证据

The Impact of High-Speed Rail on the Quality of Enterprises'Pateats:Evidences frorm Listed Companies

交通基础设施通过加速人才资源和创新要素的跨区域流动,对微观主体的创新活动产生重要影响。以中国制造业A股上市公司数据为样本并采用双重差分方法的实证分析表明,高铁通车显著提升了沿线企业的专利质量,控制内生性后该结论仍然十分稳健。机制检验表明,高铁开通对企业专利质量的影响是通过知识扩散效应、资源配置效应和合作创新效应实现的。进一步研究发现,高铁的专利质量提升作用具有显著的空间异质性和产业异质性,高铁开通对位于区域中心城市企业的专利质量的作用更为明显,对于外围城市企业的影响则取决于与中心城市的地理距离;相较于中低技术产业,高铁通车对高技术产业企业的创新促进作用更为显著。

Transportation infrastructure has an important effect on the innovation activities of micro-units by accelerating the cross-regional flow of human resources and other innovation factors.Taking the data of Chinese manufacturing A-share listed companies as samples,this paper conducts an empirical analysis with the difference-in-differences method.The findings show that the opening to traffic of high-speed rail has significantly promoted the quality of patents of the enterprises along the line,and that the conclusion is still robust after controlling the endogeneity.The mechanism analyses show that the impact of high-speed rail on corporate patent quality is realized through knowledge diffusion effect,resource allocation effect and cooperative innovation effect.The findings of further study show that the quality improvement of high-speed rail patents has significant spatial heterogeneity and industrial heterogeneity.The high-speed rail has a more obvious effect on the patent quality of the enterprises located in regional central cities,while the impact on the enterprises located in peripheral cities depends on their geographical distance to the central cities.Compared with the low-and medium-tech industries,high-speed rail has a more significant innovation-promoting effect on the enterprises in high-tech industries.