铷原子超精细谱线的强度差异机理研究

Study on intensity difference mechanism of rubidium atom hyperfine spectra

为了理解相同实验条件下铷原子的超精细吸收谱线的强度差异形成的机理,以87Rb-D2线F=2为工作物质,从实验上获得了6条明显的超精细饱和吸收谱对应的实验参数,将其用于理论计算.理论计算中考虑了超精细能级之间跃迁的相对强度因子、与原子团速度有关的有效原子数密度以及光泵浦效应导致的自发衰减率,计算得出的饱和吸收谱与实验结果相吻合.结果表明,共振主峰强度差异主要源于跃迁强度因子和光泵浦效应因子的不同,交叉共振峰强度差异主要原因是跃迁强度因子、有效原子数密度和光泵浦效应因子不同造成的,而交叉峰强于主峰源于交叉峰是由速度相反的两部分原子团共同作用产生的.

In order to understand the mechanism of the strength difference of rubidium hyperfine absorption spectra under the same experimental conditions,using 87Rb-D2 line F=2 as the working medium,the experimental parameters corresponding to six obvious hyperfine saturated absorption spectra are observed experimentally for theoretical calculation.In the theoretical calculation,the relative hyperfine transition strength factors,the effective atomic number density related to atomic velocity,and the spontaneous decay rate caused by optical pumping effect are considered.The calculated saturated absorption spectra are in good agreement with the experimental results.Results show that the main reason for the strength difference of the principal resonance peaks is origin from the difference of the transition strength factors and the optical pumping effect factors.The strength difference of the crossover resonance peaks is mainly caused by the different transition strength factors,effective atomic number density and optical pumping effect factors.And the crossover peaks are stronger than the principal peaks,because the crossover peaks are produced by the interaction of two atomic clusters with opposite velocities.