成都地区早产儿2岁内追赶生长的随访研究

Follow-up study on catch-up growth of premature infants within 2 years old in Chengdu area

目的研究早产儿在矫正月龄24月内的生长发育情况和追赶生长出现情况,确定追赶生长出现的时间段。方法选取在2016年12月-2017年12月在成都市双流区妇幼保健院建立定期随访档案的早产儿270例和非早产儿105例,分为非早产儿组、低危早产儿组和高危早产儿组进行分析研究。采用Z评分法对身长、体重、头围和身长别体重进行评估,分析早产儿在矫正月龄24月内追赶生长情况。结果早产儿和非早产儿在矫正24月内身长、体重、头围和身长别体重均有出现追赶性生长。体重在矫正月龄2个月内追赶生长发生率高,身长的追赶生长高峰持续时间更长,在矫正月龄5月后,追赶生长发生率趋于平稳,各组身长别体重在6月后出现分化。在矫正24月龄时,体重、身长、头围和身长别体重的追赶生长发生率,低危儿组为83.2%、66.27%、37.73%、89.7%;高危儿组为89%、70.21%、49.7%、98.98%。结论早产儿和非早产儿生长轨迹不一致,低危早产儿表现出了更大的生长潜力。在矫正月龄5个月内早产儿组基本完成了追赶生长,体重、身长和头围的追赶生长存在不均衡性。

Objective To observe the growth and development,as well as catch-up growth of premature infants within corrected age of 24 months,and to determine the catch-up growth period.Methods A total of 270 premature infants and 105 full-term infants,who took physical examination in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shuangliu District,Chengdu during December 2016 to December 2017,were enrolled in this study.These infants were divided into non-premature infant group,low-risk premature infant group and high-risk premature infant group.The Z-score method was used to assess body weight,body length,head circumference and body weight for height,thus to analyze the catch-up growth within 24 months of correct age.Results The body length,body weight,head circumference and body weight for height in both premature infants and full-term infants showed catch-up growth within 24 months of correct age.The incidence of catch-up growth in weight was high within 2 months of correct age,and the peak of catch-up growth lasted longer in height.After 5 months of corrected age,the incidence of catch-up growth leveled off,and the groups diverged in terms of height by weight after 6 months old.At 24 months of corrected age,the incidence rates of catch-up growth in weight,length,head circumference and length-by-weight were 83.2%,66.27%,37.73%,and 89.7%for the low-risk group and 89.0%,70.21%,49.7%,and 98.98%for the high-risk group.Conclusions The growth trajectories of preterm and full-term infants are inconsistent,and the low-risk preterm infants show greater growth potential.The premature infants basically complete catch-up growth within 5 months of correct age,and the catch-up growth of body weight,body length and head circumference is unbalanced.