极低/超低出生体重儿0~1岁生长和神经行为发育调查

Investigation of the growth and neurobehavioral development of very low/extremely low birth weight infants in the first year after birth

目的评估极低/超低出生体重儿(VLBWI/ELBWI)出生后1年内生长和神经行为发育情况,为早期干预提供依据。方法随访2014年8月-2017年7月期间于南京市妇幼保健院收治并存活的VLBWI/ELBWI 222名,评估其纠正胎龄40周及纠正月龄3、6、12个月时生长和神经行为发育情况。出生体重按照≤1000 g,1000<~1500 g;胎龄按照≤28周,>28周分组,采用t检验和χ~2检验进行统计学分析。结果纠正胎龄40周及3、6、12个月VLBWI/ELBWI身高、体重及头围随着年龄增加而增加,不同出生体重和不同出生胎龄组间身高、体重及头围差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Gesell量表5个能区的评估中,随着年龄增加,VLBWI/ELBWI各个能区的得分逐渐增加,但6月龄和12月龄不同出生体重和不同出生胎龄组各个能区得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论VLBWI/ELBWI宫内发育迟缓及神经行为发育落后随着年龄增长可逐渐追赶,因此建立规范的随访系统十分必要。

Objective To evaluate the growth and neurobehavioral development of very low/extremely low birth weight infants in the first year after birth,so as to provide evidence for early intervention.Methods A total of 222 very low/extremely low birth weight infants admitted to Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from August 2014 to July 2017 were followed up.Their growth and neurobehavioral development at 3,6 and 12 months of corrected gestational age were evaluated.The infants were divided into different groups according to birth weight(≤1000 g,1000<-1500 g)and gestational age(≤28 weeks,>28 weeks).T test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.Results The height,weight and head circumference increased with the increasing of age(40 weeks and 3,6 and 12 months).There were no statistically significant differences in height,weight and head circumference in different birth weight groups and gestational age groups(P>0.05).In terms of Gesell Scale,scores of each dimension increased gradually with age.And there were no statistically significant differences in five regions of the Gesell Scale in different birth weight groups and gestational age groups in infants at the age of 6 and 12 months old(P>0.05).Conclusions Intrauterine retardation and neurobehavioral development lag in very low/extremely low birth weight infants can gradually catch up with age.And it is necessary to build up a standardized follow-up system.