早期养育理念与行为干预对婴幼儿喂养及生长发育的影响

Effects of early parenting ideas and behavior intervention on feeding and growth of infants

目的探讨早期养育理念与行为干预对婴幼儿喂养及生长发育的影响,为医疗机构向家长普及养育照护知识提供依据。方法选取2019年1-8月在陕西省人民医院儿童保健科健康体检的1月龄健康儿120例,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各60例。对照组定期进行常规体检及健康指导,干预组在常规体检及健康指导的基础上进行早期养育理念与行为干预;12月龄时比较两组儿童家庭养育环境、婴幼儿喂养指数、辅食喂养行为、体格及智能发育指标。结果与对照组相比,干预组儿童具有良好的家庭养育环境(χ^(2)=34.48,P<0.001)、较高喂养指数评分(t=5.23,P<0.001)及喂养行为水平(χ^(2)=18.23,P<0.001);干预组儿童的体重(男:Z=-2.12;女:Z=-2.11)、身长(男:Z=-2.50;女:Z=-2.13)及头围(男:t=2.19;女:Z=-2.16)的测量值均高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组大运动(Z=-2.49)、精细动作(t=3.02)、适应能力(Z=-4.75)、语言(Z=-2.81)、社交能力(Z=-3.06)及总发育商(DQ)(Z=-4.28)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论早期养育理念与行为干预能为婴儿创造良好的家庭养育环境及喂养条件,有利于婴幼儿体格生长,促进其智能发育。

Objective To explore the effects of early parenting ideas and behavior intervention on feeding and neurobehavioral development during infant period,so as to provide basis for medical institutions to popularize parenting care knowledge to parents.Methods From January to August 2019,a total of 120 healthy children at the age of 1 month old,who took physical examination in Department of Child Health Care,Shaanxi Provincial People′s Hospital,were selected in this study,with 60 infants in the intervention group and 60 infants in the control group.The control group received regular physical examination and health guidance,while the intervention group received early parenting philosophy and behaviors intervention additionally.At the age of 12 months,the family environment,infant feeding index,complementary feeding behavior,physical and mental development indicators were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,children in the intervention group had better family nurturing environment(χ^(2)=34.48,P<0.001),higher feeding index scores(t=5.23,P<0.001)and feeding behavior level(χ^(2)=18.23,P<0.001).The measured values of weight(male:Z=-2.12;female:Z=-2.11),body length(male:Z=-2.50;female:Z=-2.13)and head circumference(male:t=2.19;female:Z=-2.16)in the intervention group were all significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the intervention group,the gross motor function(Z=-2.49),fine motor function(t=3.02),adaptive ability(Z=-4.75),language(Z=-2.81),social ability(Z=-3.06)and total developmental quotient(DQ)(Z=-4.28)were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Early parenting ideas and behaviors intervention can create a good family nurturing environment and feeding conditions for infants,which is beneficial to the physical growth of infants and to promote their intellectual development.