OSAHS慢性间歇性低氧大鼠模型的建立及意义

Construction and significance of a rat model of OSAHS with chronic intermittent hypoxia

目的建立阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)慢性间歇性低氧大鼠模型。方法采用彩色触摸屏、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)自动控制和自动数据采集监测系统,制造建立实验模型所需要的装备。低氧舱控制装置的主体设备主要由以下三个部分组成:主机部分、低氧舱体和气路控制部分。采用随机数字表法将30只大鼠分成常氧对照组(CON组)和慢性间歇性低氧模型组(CIH组),每组15只。普通喂养,9周后解剖取肝脏标本,进行油红"O"染色、苏木精-伊红染色、透射电镜观察。结果形态学改变:CIH组的苏木精-伊红HE染色可见脂质积聚、脂肪空泡形成,导致肝细胞脂肪变性;电镜下超微结构见大量簇状脂滴、自噬小体和溶酶体大量出现,粗面内质网糖原的灶性聚积,毛细胆管微绒毛变得稀疏。CON组此征象较少。此模型下CIH组大鼠肝细胞形态学明显改变。脂质油红"O"染色结果:CON组与CIH组IOD/Area(有效统计区域面积内的累计光密度平均值)差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),检验统计量=-56.308,P<0.001,CIH组肝细胞脂质明显染红。结论OSAHS慢性间歇性低氧大鼠模型建立成功,可靠有效,符合OSAHS的病理生理特点,为进一步研究大鼠各组织器官功能异常的发生机制及可能有关药物的治疗作用奠定了坚实的基础。

Objective To construct a rat model of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)with chronic intermittent hypoxia.Methods A color touch screen,a programmable logic controller(PLC)automatic control,and an automated data acquisition and monitoring system were used to assemble the equipment needed to construct the experimental model.The hypoxic chamber was composed of the main engine,the hypoxic chamber and the gas path control.A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into two groups,normoxic control(CON)group and CIH model(CIH).After 9 weeks of normal feeding,the rats were sacrificed,and liver samples were collected for hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,transmission electron microscopy,and Oil Red"O"staining.Results Morphological changes:HE staining of the CIH group showed lipid accumulation and lipid vacuole formation leading to hepatocyte steatosis.Microscopy of the ultrastructure showed large clusters of fat droplets and appearance of large numbers of autophagosomes and lysosomes,focal accumulation of glycogen in the rough endoplasmic reticulum,and sparse microvilli in the bile canaliculi.these were rarely seen in the CON group.The CIH group showed obvious morphological changes.Oil Red O staining results:the difference in IOD/Area was statistically significant between the CIH group and CON group(The test statistic=-56.308,P=0.001).Hepatocytes in the CIH group were obviously stained red.Conclusion The rat model of OSAHS with chronic intermittent hypoxia is successful,reliable and effective,which is consistent with the pathophysiological characteristics of OSAHS,and lays a solid foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of abnormal function of various tissues and organs in rats and the possible therapeutic effects of related drugs.