益州佛教文化交流与丝绸之路河南道的关系:以僧侣、义理、造像为考察中心

The Relationship between Yizhou Buddhist Cultural Exchange and He Nan Road of the Silk Road:;Focus on Monks Doctrines and Statues

东晋南朝时期,因特殊的历史背景,丝绸之路河西道一度阻塞、中断,由吐谷浑人绾毂的丝绸之路河南道逐渐兴盛、畅通。而当时以益州为核心的蜀地恰是各国僧侣往来西域与东晋南朝的必经之地,因此益州在河南道上的地理位置十分重要。各种佛教义理及思想文化在这里流传,同时来自西域、河西及建康的佛教造像艺术也汇集于此,深刻影响了蜀地佛教造像艺术风格的形成。近年成都出土众多融合了不同地域艺术风格的南朝佛教石刻造像,这些都表明东晋南朝时期的益州在河南道佛教传播与文化交流中具有重要的历史地位。

In the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties,due to the special historical background,the Silk Road Hexi Roadwas blocked and interrupted for a time,and the Silk Road Henan Road,which was built by Tuyuhun people,was graduallyprosperous and unblocked.At that time,the area of Shu with Yizhou as the core was the only place for monks from all overthe world to travel between the western regions and the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties.Therefore,the geographical position of Yizhou on Henan road is very important.Various Buddhist doctrines,thoughts and cultures spread here.At the sametime,Buddhist statue art from the western regions,Hexi and Jiankang also gathered here,which profoundly affected the formation of the artistic style of Buddhist statues in the area of Shu.In recent years,many Buddhist stone sculptures of Southerm Dynasties,which combined different regional artistic styles,have been unearthed in Chengdu.All these show that Yizhou has animportant historical position in the spread of Buddhism and cultural exchangc in the Henan Road.