新形势下海外高端人才的归国意愿及其影响因素

The Willingness of Overseas High-end Talents to Return to China under the New Situation and Its Influencing Factors

基于对美国等十三个国家和地区华裔海外高端人才的调查,分析影响他们归国意愿的因素及其作用机制,结果显示:海外高端人才的归国意愿强烈,近七成受访者优先选择回国就业。海外高端人才归国就业的选择呈现集中化特征,意向就业区域集中于北京、上海等东部地区,首选就业单位为高校和科研院所,尤其青睐高学术选拔性院校。海外高端人才的归国意愿受双向推拉作用机制影响,海外国家和地区对华裔科研人员的排斥,国内学术纽带和亲情纽带等社会网络因素增强了他们的回国意愿;但国内在学术发展环境和高校管理机制等方面存在的问题仍是阻碍他们回国的重要因素。

Surveying overseas Chinese high-end talents in 13 countries and regions,it shows that they have strong desire to return,around 70% of them preferring returning. Their choices are centralized,preferring eastern regions such as Beijing and Shanghai,and favoring universities and research institutes,especially with high academic selectivity. Their willingness is affected by the twoway push-pull mechanism. The overseas exclusion of Chinese researchers,domestic academic ties,family ties and other social network factors enhance their willingness. However,the domestic academic development environment and university management mechanism are the important factors hindering them.