湖北省水产品中持久性有机污染物残留状况分析

Analysis of persistent organic pollutants residues in aquatic products of Hubei province

目的了解湖北省居民日常消费的水产品中持久性有机污染物的残留情况。方法采集水产品品种39种共285批次,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定水产品中的16种多环芳烃、15种有机氯农药及相关降解产物和31种多氯联苯单体残留,并进行统计分析。结果3环化合物检出率为46%,4环化合物检出率为36%,水产样品中检出的多环芳烃类目标物以3环、4环为主,为中、低环化合物,6环化合物在所有样品中均未检出。各品种鱼体内多环芳烃总量排序为:鲫鱼>鳊鱼、刁子鱼>草鱼、财鱼、桂鱼、鲶鱼、鲢鱼>龙虾、泥鳅、黄鳝、黄颡鱼,多环芳烃总量最高的为鲫鱼,检出含量为85.34μg/kg。结论在湖北省养殖环节和流通环节的水产品中,多环芳烃类化合物残留主要为蒽、芴、萘、菲,均为3环、4环化合物;未检出多氯联苯类化合物;水产样品中有机氯农药残留主要为滴滴涕、氧氯丹、六氯苯。

Objective To investigate the persistent organic pollutant residues in aquatic products consumed by residents in Hubei province.Methods A total of 285 batches of 39 varieties of aquatic products were collected.The residues of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,15 organochlorine pesticides and related degradation products and 31 polychlorinated biphenyl monomer residue in aquatic products were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and statistical analysis was performed.Results The detection rate of 3-ring compounds was 46%,and that of 4-ring compounds was 36%.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)targets detected in aquatic samples were mainly 3-ring and 4-ring compounds,which were medium-ring and low-ring compounds,while 6-ring compounds were not detected in all samples.The order of the total amount of PAHs in the various fish species was:crucian carp>bream,diaozi>grass carp,fortune fish,mandarin fish,catfish,silver carp>lobster,loach,yellow eel,yellow catfish.Crucian carp had the highest total amount of PAHs,with a detected content of 85.34μg/kg.Conclusion In the aquatic products in the breeding and circulation links of Hubei province,the residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds are mainly anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene,and phenanthrene,all of which are 3-ring and 4-ring compounds.No polychlorinated biphenyl compounds were detected,and the organochlorine pesticide residues in aquatic samples were mainly dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane,oxychlordane,and hexachlorobenzene.