湖北省水产品兽药残留状况分析

Analysis of veterinary drug residues in aquatic products of Hubei province

目的了解湖北省水产品中的兽药残留情况,促进湖北省水产品质量安全可持续发展。方法采集水产品种39种共285批次,采用液相色谱-串联质谱和液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱对样品中的多种兽药残留进行测定,并对测定结果进行统计分析和初步安全性评价。结果在湖北省养殖环节和流通环节的水产品中共检出11种兽药,其中除丁香酚外,其他化合物均有相应的国家标准规定限量值要求,对检测结果进行统计,发现部分样品检出了禁用兽药(呋喃唑酮、呋喃妥因、呋喃西林、孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿);恩诺沙星和环丙沙星在样品中的检出率较高,分别为54.93%和14.44%,且有9批次样品检测结果超过了国家标准规定的限量值100μg/kg,为不合格样品;氟苯尼考、磺胺二甲嘧啶、林可霉素检出率分别为3.42%、0.71%、0.35%,检出含量均在国家规定限量值以内;丁香酚的检出率较高为32.5%,含量范围为2.90~3623.11μg/kg,可能存在随意用药的情况。结论目前湖北省水产品养殖和运输过程中可能存在违法使用禁用药物、超限量使用抗菌药物、随意使用麻醉类药物的情况,建议监管部门加强各环节的监督管理,有效保障湖北省水产品质量安全。

Objective To understand the veterinary drug residues in aquatic products and promote the sustainable development of the aquatic products quality and safety in Hubei province.Methods Totally 285 batches of 39 kinds of aquatic samples were collected,the residues of various veterinary drugs in the samples were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometry,and statistical analysis and preliminary safety evaluation of the determination results were performed.Results A total of 11 veterinary drugs were detected in the aquatic products in the breeding and circulation links of Hubei province.Except for eugenol,the other compounds had limit value requirements stipulated by corresponding national standards.Statistics of the test results showed that some samples were detected with banned veterinary drugs(furazolidone,nitrofurantoin,nitrofurazone,malachite green,leuco malachite green).Enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin had high detection rates in the samples,54.93%and 14.44%respectively,and the test results of 9 batches of samples exceeded the limit value of 100μg/kg stipulated by the national standard,which are unqualified samples.The detection rates of flufenicol,sulfadiazine and lincomycin were 3.42%,0.71%and 0.35%,respectively,and the detected contents were all within the limits set by the state.The detection rate of eugenol was 32.5%,the content range was 2.90-3623.11μg/kg,and there may be random medication.Conclusion At present,there may be illegal use of banned drugs,excessive use of antibacterial drugs,and random use of narcotic drugs during the breeding and transportation of aquatic products in Hubei province.It is suggested that the supervisory department should strengthen the supervision and management of all links to effectively guarantee the quality and safety of aquatic products in Hubei province.