露天煤矿火区爆破安全作业技术

Blasting safety technology in fire zones of open pit coal mine

为了在保证安全的前提下提高露天煤矿火区爆破施工规模和生产效率,以宁夏汝箕沟煤矿羊齿采区为工程背景,在总结分析常规爆破施工方法存在的主要问题基础上,围绕温度监控、装药方式、施工程序等方面进行了深入研究。提出了采用全孔深测温装置和装药前全过程炮孔温度监控装置,实现了全方位温度监测;采用耐热防护装置,提高了火区爆破的适用范围;基于常规施工工艺提出了一套特殊的爆破施工程序,实现了露天煤矿火区快速、安全爆破。实践证明,采用的火区爆破施工技术具有安全可控、施工高效、成本低廉等特点,在类似工程中具有广泛的推广应用价值。

In order to improve the blasting construction scale and production efficiency of the open-pit coal mine fire zone under the premise of ensuring safety,taking the Yangchi mining area of Ningxia Rujigou coal mine as the engineering background,on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the main problems existing in conventional blasting construction methods,in-depth research has been conducted on temperature monitoring,charging methods,and construction procedures.It is proposed to adopt a full-hole deep temperature measuring device and a blast hole temperature monitoring device during the whole process before charging to realize all-round temperature monitoring.The use of heat-resistant protective devices increases the scope of application of blasting in fire zones.Based on the conventional construction technology,a special blasting construction procedure was proposed,which realized the rapid and safe blasting of the open-pit coal fire zone.Practice has proved that the adopted fire zone blasting construction technology has the characteristics of safety and controllability,construction efficiency,low cost,and it has a wide range of application value in similar projects.