不同谷子品种氮素吸收与利用差异的研究

Study on the Difference of Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization in Different Millet Varieties

通过盆栽试验和大田栽培试验相结合的方法,对赤峰主栽谷子品种在低氮胁迫下氮素吸收及利用效率的差异进行了系统研究。盆栽试验结果表明:赤谷6号、赤谷8号、赤谷9号低氮胁迫下根长较施氮处理显著增长;赤谷5号、赤谷6号、赤谷9号耐低氮胁迫能力较强;赤谷10号氮利用率最为稳定;赤谷5号、赤谷6号耐低氮指数大。赤谷5号在农艺性状和氮累积量及耐低氮指数均表现出较好的耐低氮胁迫能力。大田栽培试验表明:赤谷6号和赤谷8号耐低氮胁迫能力较强。谷子出苗至抽穗期受低氮胁迫的影响较抽穗至成熟期更为敏感。谷子全生育期中,低氮胁迫对拔节期株高的影响较大;抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期的干物质累积量对低氮胁迫影响较大。穗部相关农艺性状较其他农艺性状而言较易受到低氮胁迫影响。穗部性状中,穗长相对于其他性状对低氮胁迫影响较为迟钝,其他性状较为敏感;对低氮胁迫敏感的指标可作为谷子耐低氮能力评价指标。综合盆栽试验与大田栽培试验结果表明,赤谷5号、赤谷6号、赤谷8号这3个品种耐低氮能力强,适于在赤峰地区相对贫瘠的土壤种植。

The differences of nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of main millet varieties in Chifeng under low nitrogen stress were studied by pot experiment and field cultivation experiment.The pot experiment showed that the root length of Chigu 6,Chigu 8 and Chigu 9 increased significantly compared with nitrogen treatment,and Chigu 5,Chigu 6 and Chigu 9 had strong tolerance to low nitrogen stress.The nitrogen use efficiency of Chigu 10 was the most stable.Chigu 5 and Chigu 6 had higher tolerance index to low nitrogen.Chigu 5 showed good tolerance to low nitrogen stress in agronomic traits,nitrogen accumulation and low nitrogen tolerance index.Field experiments showed that Chigu 6 and Chigu 8 had strong tolerance to low nitrogen stress.During the whole growth period of millet,low nitrogen stress had great influence on the height of jointing stage,and the accumulation of dry matter in heading stage,filling stage and mature period had great influence on low nitrogen stress.Ear related agronomic traits were more susceptible to low nitrogen stress than other agronomic traits.In panicle,the effect of ear length on other traits is relatively slow and other traits are more sensitive,and low nitrogen stress sensitive index can be used as an indicator of low nitrogen tolerance in millet.The results of comprehensive pot experiment and field cultivation test showed that Chigu 5,Chigu 6 and Chigu 8 were resistant to low nitrogen,and were suitable for planting in relatively poor soil in Chifeng area.