明末吴语字书《吴音奇字》版本考述

Research on the Version of WuyinQizi in the Late Ming Dynasty

《吴音奇字》是一部记录和考证明末吴语词语的方言文献,现存抄本3种及铅印本1种。国家图书馆藏抄本是原藏铁琴铜剑楼的清抄本,也是现存最早的版本。苏州图书馆藏抄本、上海图书馆藏王謇抄校本分别抄自清抄本,两者之间不存在源流关系。苏州图书馆藏铅印本据馆藏传抄本重排校印,沿袭了传抄本的讹误,同时在重排铅印过程中产生了新的讹误。清抄本已经是陆镒铨次补遗后的本子,孙楼原稿本《吴音奇字》未曾刊印,可能已经亡佚,但尚存孙楼自序一篇。清抄本是各本之祖本,最为珍贵。王謇抄校本上的校语,虽片言只语,也需要重视,传抄本亦有参校价值。铅印本讹误频出,只有参校3种抄本后方可使用。

WuyinQizi is a dialect document that records and proves the words of Wu dialect in the Late Ming Dynasty.There are 3 kinds of transcripts and 1 type of lead print.The National Library's transcript is the transcript of the Qing Dynasty that was originally stored in the Iron-Lyre-Copper-Sword Library,and it is also the earliest existing version;The Suzhou Library's transcript and the Shanghai Library's transcript were copied from the transcript of the Qing Dynasty.There is no relationship between the two transcripts;The Suzhou Library's copy of lead plate was rearranged according to the transcript in the Suzhou Library,and the errors of the transcript was followed.At the same time,new errors occurred in the process of rearrangement of the printed copy.The transcript of the Qing Dynasty is already a book after addendum by Lu Yi.Sun Lou's original manuscript,WuyinQizi,has not been published.It may have died,but there is still a preface of Sun Lou.The transcript of the Qing Dynasty is the ancestor and the most precious;The transcript collated by Wang Jian,though only few words,is also worth the attention;The Suzhou Library's transcript also has the value of collation;The lead print with lots of mistakes,and can only be used after comparison with three types of transcripts.