从美食到文化——论中国古代诗歌中植物形象的演进

From food to culture——On the evolution of plant image in ancient Chinese poetry

中国古代诗歌中的植物形象可溯源《诗经》,《诗经》风格写实,着眼于植物的食物属性,作者更多是把植物当成生活不可或缺的美食对待;《离骚》中“香草美人”作喻,以植物的味、色、香等饮食属性为本,由实入虚,开启了中国古代诗歌以植物来象征隐喻人格精神的传统;到唐宋诗歌中,植物形象逐步虚化为一种文化符号,以比兴托寄模式来抒写现实人生。运用ROSTCM6软件提取中国古代诗歌中的高频植物字词并进行数据统计、意象解析,可探究古代诗歌植物形象从美食到文化的演进之路。

The image of plant in ancient Chinese poetry can be traced back to the“Book of Songs”.The style of the“Book of Songs”is realistic,focusing on the food attributes of plants,and the authors treated plants as indispensable delicacies in daily life.The metaphor of“fragrant grass beauty”in Lisao took the shape,taste,color,and other dietary attributes of plant as the fundamental,from real to virtual,which started the tradition of using plants to symbolize and metaphorize the personality spirit of Chinese poetry.In the poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties,the image of plant gradually became a kind of cultural symbol,which expressed the real life in the mode of metaphor.On the basis of literature collection,the software ROSTCM6 was used to extract frequently appeared plant words in ancient Chinese poetry.Through data statistics and image analysis,we can explore the gradual progress of plants in ancient poetry from food to culture.