天津市三级甲等医院外科护士职业认同和职业倦怠对职业幸福感的影响

Influence of professional identity and job burnout on occupational well-being of surgical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin

目的分析天津市三级甲等医院职业认同和职业倦怠对外科护士职业幸福感的影响,为改善护士心理健康提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,于2019年10—12月,采用职业认同量表、职业倦怠量表和职业幸福感量表对天津市5家三级甲等医院226名外科护士进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果天津市三级甲等医院外科护士职业认同总分为98.14±15.42,职业倦怠总分为64.48±12.36,职业幸福感总分为72.14±15.24;不同年龄、婚姻状况、工龄、职称、月收入及月均夜班频次的外科护士职业幸福感比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);年龄、婚姻状况、工龄、职称、月收入、月均夜班频次、职业认同及职业倦怠是外科护士职业幸福感的影响因素(均P<0.05);天津市三级甲等医院外科护士职业认同与职业倦怠呈负相关(r=-0.528,P<0.01),职业认同与职业幸福感呈正相关(r=0.611,P<0.01),职业倦怠与职业幸福感呈负相关(r=-0.542,P<0.01)。多元线性回归结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、工龄、职称、月收入、月均夜班频次、职业认同及职业倦怠是外科护士职业幸福感的影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释总变异的41%。结论天津市三级甲等医院外科护士职业幸福感与职业认同和职业倦怠密切相关,医院或管理者应提高外科护士的职业认同水平,降低职业倦怠,进而提高职业幸福感水平。

Objective To explore the influence of occupational identity and job burnout on occupational well-being of surgical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin,provide basis for improving the mental health of nurses.Methods By using the random sampling method,226 surgical nurses from five grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin were investigated with the occupational identity scale,occupational burnout scale and occupational well-being scale from October to December in 2019,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of professional identity of surgical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin was 98.14±15.42,the total score of job burnout was 64.28±12.36,and the total score of occupational well-being was72.14±15.24.There were statistically significant differences in occupational well-being among surgical nurses of different age,marital status,length of service,professional title,monthly income and monthly average night shift frequency(all P<0.01).Age,marital status,length of service,professional title,monthly income,monthly night shift frequency,professional identity and job burnout were the influencing factors of surgical nurses’occupational well-being(all P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between job identity and job burnout among surgical nurses from grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin(r=-0.528,P<0.01),a positive correlation between job identity and occupational well-being(r=0.611,P<0.01),and a negative correlation between job burnout and occupational well-being(r=-0.542,P<0.01).The results of multiple linear regression showed that age,marital status,length of service,professional title,monthly income,monthly night shift frequency,professional identity and job burnout were the influencing factors of surgical nurses’occupational well-being(all P<0.05),which could explain 41%of the total variance.Conclusion The occupational well-being of surgical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Tianjin is closely related to occupational identity and job burnout.Hospitals or managers should improve the level of occupational identity of surgical nurses,reduce occupational burnout,and then improve the level of occupational well-being.