广西10家水泥企业女工妇科疾病分布现状调查

Investigation on distribution of gynecological diseases among female workers in 10 cement enterprises of Guangxi

目的了解广西壮族自治区10家水泥企业1292例女工妇科疾病患病情况及可能的影响因素。方法2017年4月—2019年11月,采用整群抽样调查方法,对1292名女工进行问卷调查、妇科检查和盆腔妇科彩超检查,并对数据进行分析。结果1292名女工妇科疾病患病率为58.59%,位居前3位的是宫颈炎(35.53%)、子宫肌瘤(18.03%)和阴道炎(14.94%);年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、工作岗位、工作状态、工龄以及是否接触职业有害因素是上述妇科疾病的影响因素;工作岗位巡检组女工的阴道炎、宫颈炎和子宫肌瘤患病率均分别高于其他组别(均P<0.05)。轮班作业女工宫颈炎患病率高于正常班次者(P<0.05);接触职业有害因素的女工阴道炎、宫颈炎和子宫肌瘤患病率高于不接触者(P<0.05)。女工阴道炎、宫颈炎、子宫肌瘤患病率随着年龄和工龄增加而增加(P<0.05)。结论广西壮族自治区水泥企业女工的妇科疾病患病率较高,相关部门应采取有效措施保障女工的生殖健康。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of gynecological diseases in 1292 female workers from 10 cement enterprises of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,explore its possible influencing factors.Methods From April 2017 to November 2019,by using the method of cluster sampling,1292 female workers were investigated by questionnaire,gynecological examination and pelvic ultrasound examination.And the data were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of gynecological diseases among1292 female workers was 58.59%.The top three were cervicitis(35.53%),hysteromyoma(18.03%)and vaginitis(14.94%).Age,marital status,educational level,post,working status,length of service and exposure to occupational harmful factors were the influencing factors of above-mentioned gynecological diseases.The prevalence rates of vaginitis,cervicitis and hysteromyoma in the inspection post group were higher than those of other groups(all P<0.05).The prevalence rate of cervicitis in female workers in shift work was higher than that in normal shift workers(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of vaginitis,cervicitis and hysteromyoma in the female workers exposed to occupational harmful factors were higher than those in non-exposed workers(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of vaginitis,cervicitis and hysteromyoma in female workers increased with age and length of service(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of gynecological diseases among female workers in cement enterprises of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is high.Relevant departments should take effective measures to protect the reproductive health of female workers.