医学生公正世界信念、自我同情、反刍思维与学业拖延的关系研究

Study on relationship between belief in a just world,self compassion,rumination and academic procrastination in medical students

目的探讨公正世界信念影响医学生学业拖延的内在机制,为今后的学业拖延干预方案提供理论基础。方法2019年3—6月,采用分层随机抽样法选取蚌埠医学院519名医学生为调查对象,采用自编一般资料问卷、公正信念问卷、自我同情问卷、反刍思维问卷和AITKEN拖延问卷对其进行调查。结果医学生学业拖延得分为46.16±8.67,处于中等水平。不同年级和进入大学以后成绩的学业拖延得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。公正世界信念与反刍思维、学业拖延呈负相关(r=-0.34-0.28,均P<0.01),而与自我同情呈正相关(r=0.41,P<0.01);自我同情与反刍思维、学业拖延均呈负相关(r=-0.32-0.42,均P<0.01),反刍思维与学业拖延呈正相关(r=0.29,P<0.01)。公正世界信念可直接影响医学生学业拖延,同时存在3条间接路径,公正世界信念通过自我同情与反刍思维的链式中介作用影响学业拖延(效应值为5.9%),公正世界信念通过自我同情影响学业拖延(效应值为20.6%),公正世界信念通过反刍思维影响学业拖延(效应值为5.9%)。结论改善医学生学业拖延现状可以从提高其公正世界信念、自我同情水平以及减轻反刍思维程度入手。

Objective To explore the internal mechanism of belief in a just world affecting academic procrastination of medical students,provide a theoretical basis for future intervention programs on academic procrastination.Methods From March to June in 2019,519 medical students from Bengbu Medical College were selected as the subjects by stratified random sampling,and were investigated by self-compiled general information questionnaire,belief in a just world scale,self-compassion scale,ruminative responses scale and Aitken Procrastination Inventory.Results The academic procrastination score of medical students was46.16±8.67,which was in the middle level.There were statistically significant differences in academic procrastination score among medical students in different grade and university academic record(all P<0.01).Belief in a just world was significantly negatively correlated with rumination and academic procrastination(r=-0.34--0.28,all P<0.01),while significantly positively correlated with self-compassion(r=0.41,P<0.01).Self-compassion was negatively correlated with rumination and academic procrastination(r=-0.32--0.42,all P<0.01),and rumination was positively correlated with academic procrastination(r=0.29,P<0.01).Belief in a just world world affected academic procrastination directly.At the same time,there were three indirect paths:belief in a just world influenced academic procrastination through the chain mediation of self-compassion and rumination(effect value was 5.9%),belief in a just world affected academic procrastination through self-compassion(effect value was 20.6%),and belief in a just world affected academic procrastination through rumination(effect value was 5.9%).Conclusion To improve the academic procrastination of medical students,it can start from improving their belief in a just world,self-compassion and reduce rumination.