湖南省大学生灾难逃生与救援知识知晓情况调查

A survey on awareness of knowledge about disaster escape and rescue among college students in Hunan Province

目的了解湖南省大学生灾难逃生与救援知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为大学生灾难教育提供参考依据。方法 2018年12月采用分层整群抽样方法抽取湖南省南华大学学生376名,用自行设计的问卷进行大学生灾难逃生与救援知识知晓情况调查。结果不同性别地震、洪水、火灾、交通事故、医学救援5类知识平均知晓率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);不同户籍学生的地震、洪水、火灾、交通事故、医学救援5类知识平均知晓率的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);3种学科类别的地震、火灾、交通事故、医学救援4类知识知晓率的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),洪水类知识的知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高年级与低年级学生对地震类知识平均知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对其他4类知识知晓率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。238人选择网络途径获取相关知识;334人表示愿意接受灾难逃生与救援技能培训人数;297人偶尔跟家人、朋友、同学交流灾难逃生与救援知识。结论大学生的灾难逃生与救援知识知晓情况总体偏低,部分知识受专业和年级的影响,在加强灾难教育时,可根据人群特点采取针对性教育,以提高效果。

Objective To understand the awareness of knowledge about disaster escape and rescue and its influencing factors a-mong college students in Hunan Province,provide the reference for strengthening disaster education of college students. Methods Totally 376 college students from the University of South China of Hunan Province were selected with stratified cluster sampling in December 2018. The awareness of knowledge about disaster escape and rescue among college students was investigated by self-designed questionnaire. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the average awareness rates of knowledge about earthquakes,floods,fires,traffic accidents,and medical rescue between gender groups(all P>0.05). The differences in the average awareness rates of knowledge about earthquakes,floods,fires,traffic accidents and medical rescue were not statistically significant among students from different household registrations(all P>0.05). The differences in the average awareness rates of knowledge about earthquakes,fires,traffic accidents and medical rescue were statistically significant among students from three subject categories(all P<0.05),but the differences in the awareness rate of flood knowledge was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the average awareness rate of knowledge about earthquakes between senior and ju-nior students(P<0.05),and the differences in the average awareness rates of other four types of knowledge were not statistically significant(all P>0.05). 238 students chose network to acquire relevant knowledge,334 expressed their willingness to accept disaster escape and rescue skills training,and 297 occasionally exchange disaster escape and rescue knowledge with their families,friends and classmates. Conclusion The awareness of knowledge about disaster escape and rescue among college students is generally low,and some knowledge is affected by majors and grades. In order to improve the effect of disaster education,targeted education should be taken according to the characteristics of the population.