无人机天线在雷电效应中的响应研究及性能检测

Research on response and performance test of UAV antenna in lightning effect

机载天线安装在无人机表面,容易成为雷电附着点,对无人机的飞行安全会产生严重威胁。为开展相关设计,并验证设计的有效性,针对UHF机载天线为研究对象,设计了片段式导流条和端口射频雷电抑制器的防护方案。先后进行了初始先导附着试验、外部部件瞬态感应试验、电性能测试和系统评估计算。试验结果表明,天线损伤程度降低,片段式导流条对天线的电性能影响不超过0.3 dB,射频雷电抑制器不影响驻波比、增益。最终链路余量满足大于3 dB的要求,证明了设计的有效性。

Airborne antenna installed on the surface of UAV is easy to become a lightning attachment point.Lightning will pose a serious threat to the flight safety of the UAV.The purpose is to carry out the relevant design and verify the effectiveness of the design.A UHF airborne antenna is against to the research object.The segmented lighting diverter strips and RF port lightning suppressor were designed for protection.The initial leader attachment test,the induced transients in external mounted hardware test,the electrical performance test and the system evaluation calculation were successively carried out on the antenna to study the effect response of the antenna in different lightning environments.The test results show that damage is reduced.In addition,the influence of the installation of the segmented lighting diverter strips on the electrical performance of the antenna was 0.3 dB at most,and the RF lightning suppressor will hardly affect the SWR and gain.Finally,the link margin meets the requirement of more than 3 dB.The effectiveness of the design was proved.