体育锻炼、自感身心健康与居民主观幸福感——基于CGSS2015调查数据的实证分析

Physical Exercise,Self-conscious Physical and Mental Health and Subjective Well-being of Residents——Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS 2015 Survey Data

以中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2015年度数据为基础,对居民参与体育锻炼与主观幸福感的关系和作用机制进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:(1)在主观幸福感这一问题上,农村居民与城市居民存在显著差异,且农村居民的主观幸福感高于城市居民。(2)参与体育锻炼对于提升居民主观幸福感具有显著的正向影响。(3)参与体育锻炼能够改善居民的身体健康和心理健康状况。(4)自感身体健康和自感心理健康能够显著提升居民的主观幸福感。(5)自感身体健康和自感心理健康在居民参与体育锻炼对其主观幸福感的影响中存在部分中介作用,即参与体育锻炼能够提高居民的自感身心健康,进而提升居民的主观幸福感,且自感心理健康的中介效果较大。建议政府重视激发居民自发参与体育锻炼的兴趣,营造并保持良好的体育锻炼参与氛围,促进居民身心健康发展,进而提升居民幸福感。

Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2015,the relationship and mechanism of residents'participation in physical exercises and subjective well-being were empirically tested.The results show that:(1)in terms of subjective well-being,there are significant differences between rural residents and urban residents,and the subjective well-being of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents;(2)participation in physical exercise has a significant positive effect on residents'subjective well-being;(3)participation in physical exercise can improve the physical and mental health;(4)self-conscious physical and mental health can significantly enhance the subjective well-being of the residents;(5)self-conscious physical and mental health have some mediating effects on the subjective well-being of the residents through participating in physical exercise.It is suggested that the government should attach importance to arousing residents'interest in spontaneous participation in physical exercise,create and maintain a good atmosphere for participation in physical exercise,promote the development of residents'physical and mental health,and enhance residents'happiness.