自主性过度劳动形成的经济分析

An Economic Analysis of the Formation of Autonomous Overwork

过度劳动是经济高速发展的产物,既创造了经济繁荣,也侵蚀劳动者的健康。根据推动主体的不同,过度劳动分为强制性过度劳动和自主性过度劳动,前者是指其他主体为自身利益而强制劳动者过度劳动,后者是劳动者受利益驱动而主动过度供给劳动量。在对自主性过度劳动的内涵和特点分析总结的基础上,以劳动者自由决定劳动量供给为前提构建经济模型,发现劳动者效用与其劳动量呈倒U形,并且得出:适度劳动下的最大劳动量对应的效用不是最大的,最大化效用的实现需要劳动者过度供给劳动量,而当劳动者追求的期望效用大于适度劳动量下的效用时,就会形成自主性过度劳动。

Overwork is the product of rapid economic development,which not only creates economic prosperity,but also erodes the health of workers.According to the different promotion subjects,overwork is divided into forced overwork and autonomous overwork.The former refers to other subjects compelling workers to overwork for their own interests,and the latter refers to workers who are driven by interests and actively oversupply the amount of labor.Based on the analysis and summary of the connotation and characteristics of autonomous overwork,an economic model is constructed based on the premise that workers freely determine the supply of labor.It is found that the utility of labor and the amount of labor are in an inverted U shape,and the conclusion is:the utility corresponding to the maximum amount of labor is not the maximum.The realization of the maximum utility requires workers to oversupply the amount of labor,and when the expected utility pursued by the worker is greater than the utility under the moderate amount of labor,autonomous overwork will be formed.