我国工会地方立法研究——基于80部地方性法律文件的实证分析

Research on Local Legislation of Trade Unions in China--Empirical Analysis Based on 80 Local Legal Documents

地方立法作为调整地方经济社会发展和社会关系的重要社会规范,应在促进和提升工会工作法治化进程中发挥重要的价值功能。通过对我国80部工会地方立法的考察发现,上述立法具有规制维度广泛,立法内容较为丰富;注重工作程序性,凸显法治化要求;具有一定的新理念,立法具有前瞻性等进步之处。但亦存在个别立法"带病工作",违反不抵触原则;个别立法缺乏严谨性,易引发推诿扯皮;个别立法威慑力不足,责任条款保障缺位等问题。未来,应通过做好中央立法的完善,为工会地方立法提供有力指引;做好新法的制定工作,增加工会地方立法的数量供给;做好旧法的法律清理工作,提升工会地方立法的质量等三个路径予以优化。

As an important social norm to adjust local economic and social development and social relations,local legislation should play an important role in promoting and upgrading the legaliza-tion process of trade union work.Through the investigation of 80 local trade union legislations in China,it is found that the above-mentioned legislation has a wide range of regulatory dimensions and rich legislative content;it pays attention to the procedural nature of work and highlights the requirements of the rule of law;it has certain new ideas and has forward-looking legislation,but there are also individual legislation"work with disease",which violates the principle of non-conflicts;individual legislation is lack of preciseness,which is easy to lead to shuffle the disputes.There are some problems,such as insufficient deterrent power of individual legislation,absence of liability clause protection and so on.In the future,we should improve the central legislation to provide strong guidance for local trade union legislation;do a good job in the formulation of new laws to increase the quantity supply of local trade union legislation;do a good job in cleaning up the old law and improving the quality of local trade union legislation.