欧洲反恐斗争的新态势

New Anti-terrorism Situation in Europe

近年来,欧盟与欧洲各国不断加大反恐力度,从完善反恐战略到健全反恐架构,直至改进反恐手段、深化反恐合作,收到了明显的效果。然而,欧洲依然面临严峻复杂的恐怖主义威胁,比较活跃的有“圣战”型、极右型、极左型以及打着民族主义旗号等四种,显示出欧洲反恐似乎未能“对症”,有关政策时有失灵现象。当前,日益增多的“独狼”式或小规模恐怖袭击已经成为欧洲本土面临的最大恐怖威胁。其根源主要在于,欧洲对内未能妥善解决族群融合难题,对外追随或效法美国的霸权主义,从而成为恐怖势力的眼中钉。当前,欧洲内部的反恐合作进入深水区,理念与行动的脱节、主权与治权的矛盾、安全与人权的失衡、自由与信仰的博弈等诸多难题冒升,凸显其反恐斗争的任重道远。

In recent years,the EU and European countries have increased anti-terrorism efforts,improving strategy,framework,means and deepening cooperation on combating terrorism.However,Europe still faces severe and complex terrorist threats,among which"jihad,"far right-wing,far left-wing and nationalist terrorism are most active.It shows that Europe has not identified the underlying causes of frequent terrorist attacks.Europe has also failed in anti-terrorism governance.Now“lone wolves”or other small-scale terrorist attacks are the biggest threat for Europe.The cause is that Europe fails to address the ethnic integration internally but is ready to act as the“pawn”of US hegemony,making itself an eyesore to terrorist forces.At present,anti-terrorism cooperation within Europe has encountered dilemmas,including how to balance philosophy and action,sovereignty and governance,security and human rights,as well as freedom and faith.Europe's counterterrorism campaign still has a long way to go.