运动员旺盛感研究述评

Review of the Researches about Athlete's Sense of Exuberance

旺盛感指个体同时体验到活力和学习的一种心理状态,包含活力和学习两个维度。旺盛感是衡量运动员内在认知和情感状况的重要指标,对其进行研究有利于激发运动员潜能,进一步提升运动员运动表现,无论对运动员还是体育组织的可持续发展都具有十分重要的现实意义。本文介绍了旺盛感的概念和3种测量工具,梳理了旺盛感的相关理论模型,包括优秀运动员旺盛感模型、旺盛感社会嵌入模型、旺盛感个人成长整合模型、青少年旺盛感的动态过程模型,指出未来研究可开发中国运动员旺盛感的测量工具,联合个体与环境双重视角,揭示相关变量对运动员旺盛感的影响。在研究方法上采用纵向与横向研究相结合的方式,为运动员训练及体育组织管理提供相关启示与指导。

Sense of exuberance refers to a psychological state in which an individual experiences vitality and learning at the same time.It includes two dimensions:vitality and learning.As an important indicator to measure the internal cognition and emotional status of athletes,the study of the sense of exuberance is of great significance.It is beneficial for stimulating the athlete's potential and further improving their performance in sports.It is also of great practical significance for the sustainable development of both athletes and sports institutions.This paper introduces the concepts about the sense of exuberance and 3 assessing instruments and reviews its relevant theoretical models,including elite athletic exuberant model,socially embedded exuberant model,integrative exuberant model of individual growth and dynamic exuberant model of adolescence.It is noted that future researches should develop exuberant assessing instruments for Chinese athletes,integrate both individual and environmental perspectives,reveal the impact of related variables on athletes'sense of exuberance.Both longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods can be employed to provide relevant inspirations and guidance for athlete's training and the management of sports institutions.