颜面部损伤美容缝合术后瘢痕形成影响因素分析

Influencing factors of scar formation after cosmetic suture for facial injuries

目的:分析颜面部损伤患者接受美容缝合术后瘢痕形成影响因素。方法:选取2018年1月—2020年4月在南阳市中心医院急诊科接受美容缝合治疗的141例颜面部损伤患者为研究对象,收集术后3个月创面愈合质量、瘢痕评分及临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析颜面部损伤后瘢痕形成的影响因素。结果:本组141例患者中,瘢痕形成29例,瘢痕形成发生率为20.57%,术后瘢痕平均得分为(5.84±1.35)分。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄<10岁(OR=2.105)、受伤类型为挫裂伤(OR=2.143)、受伤部位在眼睑部(OR=2.351)或口鼻部(OR=2.407)、存在过敏性疾病(OR=2.561)及瘢痕家族史(OR=2.195)是颜面部损伤患者接受美容缝合术后瘢痕形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:美容缝合技术在促进颜面部损伤创面愈合、避免瘢痕形成方面具有良好效果,而年龄<10岁、挫裂伤、口鼻及眼睑周围损伤、存在过敏状态及瘢痕家族史患者是瘢痕形成的高危人群,应加强早期干预,避免瘢痕形成。

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of scar formation in patients with facial injuries after cosmetic suture.Methods:A total of 141 patients with facial injuries who received cosmetic suture treatment in the Emergency Department of Nanyang Central Hospital from Jan.2018 to Apr.2020 were selected as the research subjects.The wound healing quality,scar score and clinical data were collected 3 months after surgery,and the influencing factors of scar formation after facial injury were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:Of the 141 patients,scars were formed in 29 cases(20.57%).The average postoperative scar score was 5.84±1.35.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age less than 10 years old(OR=2.105),injury type was contusion and laceration(OR=2.143),injury site(eyelid:OR=2.351,snout:OR=2.407),allergic disease(OR=2.561),family history of scars(OR=2.195)were the independent risk factors for scar formation after cosmetic sutures for patients with facial injuries(P<0.05).Conclusions:The cosmetic suture technique has a good effect in promoting the wound healing of facial injuries and avoiding scar formation,and patients younger than 10 years old,contusion and laceration,oral nasolabial and eyelid injuries,allergic state and family history of scars are the high-risk groups for scar formation,so early intervention should be strengthened to avoid scar formation.