《民法典》阐释的“体系”依据及其限度

Hermeneutic of the Civil Code:Its Systematic Base and Restriction

作为体系性存在的《民法典》,在文本层面指向了民法概念体系、民法规范体系、民法价值体系和民法法源体系。“解释论时代”的《民法典》阐释,需要紧密贴合《民法典》的内外体系。在《民法典》阐释的“体系效益”上,概念体系可以便捷概念涵摄,规范体系有助维系规范周延,价值体系能够衍生价值秩序,法源体系益于指引法源应用。当然,由于深受“实益型”法典编纂思路的影响,《民法典》的概念逻辑性、规范纯粹性、价值融贯性和法源完整性难免不足,《民法典》的阐释应当在兼顾法典体系缺漏的基础上恪守体系限度:防止概念专断;阻断规范逾界;规避价值错位;警惕法源封闭。

As a systematic existence,the Civil Code denotes to the concept system,the norm system,the value system,and the source of law system of the civil law in its texts.The interpretation of Civil Code in the era of hermeneutics needs to be closely related to the internal and external system of Civil Code.On the“systematic benefit”of the interpretation of Civil Code,the concept system can facilitate the submission of concept,the norm system helps to maintain the scope of norms,the value system can derive the value order,and the source of law system is intended to guide the application of legal source.However,due to the deeply influence of the pragmatic thought,the concept logic,norm purity,value consistency and integrity of legal source of civil code are inevitably insufficient.The interpretation of Civil Code should take into account the defects of the Code system and strictly abide by the system limits:prevent arbitrary concept,intercept norms overstepping the boundary,avoid values malposed;guard against the closure of source of law.