中枢神经系统的神经炎症:神经胶质细胞的交响篇章

Neuroinflammation in the central nervous system:Symphony of glial cells

中枢神经系统(CNS)中的神经炎症是神经免疫学研究的重要课题。新近证据表明,神经炎症是各种神经系统疾病(包括神经退行性疾病和中枢神经系统损伤)的关键因素。神经炎症是中枢神经系统中各种神经胶质细胞和周围免疫细胞共同完成的复杂且精密策划的过程。中枢神经系统神经炎症中各神经胶质细胞群之间的交流是一个极其复杂并且动态的过程,类似于精心安排的交响乐。然而,关于神经胶质细胞如何相互作用以形成中枢神经系统独特的免疫反应仍然知之甚少。每种类型的神经胶质细胞在神经炎症中的作用取决于炎症线索的性质和疾病的特定病程;我们将在本综述中论神经胶质细胞在神经炎症的三个阶段(包括起始、进展和预后,正如三乐章交响乐)的联合作用。神经炎中神经胶质细胞的这种观点可能为各种中枢神经系统疾病的早期诊断和治疗干预提供有用的线索。

Neuroinflammation in the central nervous system(CNS)is an important subject of neuroimmunological research.Emerging evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key player in various neurological disorders,including neurodegenerative diseases and CNS injury.Neuroinflammation is a complex and well-orchestrated process by various groups of glial cells in CNS and peripheral immune cells.The cross-talks between various groups of glial cells in CNS neuroinflammation is an extremely complex and dynamic process which resembles a well-orchestrated symphony.However,the understanding of how glial cells interact with each other to shape the distinctive immune responses of the CNS remains limited.In this review,we will discuss the joint actions of glial cells in three phases of neuroinflammation,including initiation,progression,and prognosis,the three movements of the symphony,as the role of each type of glial cells in neuroinflammation depends on the nature of inflammatory cues and specific course of diseases.This perspective of glial cells in neuroinflammation might provide helpful clues to the development of the early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of the various CNS diseases.